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The current scenario in Indian agriculture is that wheat and rice, the two main cereals, are grown on the most fertile and irrigated areas of the country. Green revolution was focused around these cereals which made the country self-sufficient in food production. However this also meant diversion of land from crops like pulses and coarse grains to water guzzling crops like paddy. It also led to growing regional disparities between the original Green Revolution States (Punjab, Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh) as compared to the eastern states of the country.
The successive monoculture has also led to increased dependence on fertilizers for maintaining soil fertility and sustained outputs. Input intensive agriculture has brought down the profit margins for farmers, especially the marginal ones.
Not only these cereals highly input intensive, they also use a large part of the resources that the government channels to agriculture, be it water, fertilizer, power, credit or procurement under the MSP program. It has created a vicious cycle, where increasing input costs lead to further demand of increase in MSP and increases of MSP has led to these crops being grown in unsuitable regions leading to rise in input costs.While the government announces MSP for 23 crops, effective MSP-linked procurement occurs mainly for wheat, rice and cotton. The MSP policy needs to encourage other crops, like pulses, through a Rainbow Revolution on the lines of the Green Revolution.
The government of India has taken several initiatives to promote diversification of agriculture, remove regional bias and reduce input intensity. These include:
By: ABHISHEK KUMAR GARG ProfileResourcesReport error
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