Explanation:

Only code 2&4 are correct.

Planetary Boundaries

• The planetary boundaries framework defines a safe operating space for humanity based on the intrinsic biophysical processes that regulate the stability of the Earth system.

There are totally 9 planetary boundaries.

1. Climate change.

2. Change in biosphere integrity (biodiversity loss and species extinction).

3. Stratospheric ozone depletion.

4. Ocean acidification.

5. Biogeochemical flows (phosphorus and nitrogen cycles).

6. Land-system change (for example deforestation).

7. Freshwater use (alterations across the entire water cycle over land).

8. Atmospheric aerosol loading (microscopic particles in the atmosphere that affect climate and living organisms).

9. Introduction of novel entities (consisting of micro plastics, endocrine disruptors, and organic pollutants).

6 boundaries are now transgressed and pressure is increasing on all boundary processes except ozone depletion. The 6 boundaries that are transgressed are:

1. Climate change

2. Biosphere integrity

3. Freshwater change

4. Land system change

5. Biogeochemical flows

6. Novel entities

The atmospheric aerosol loading and ozone depletion remain within the constraints, ocean acidification is close to being breached.

Hence option 2nd is correct.