Context: Recently, violence erupted in Assam's Bura Chapori Wildlife Sanctuary, resulting in the death of a woman and injuries to six others, including forest guards.

About Bura Chapori Wildlife Sanctuary

• It is located on the southern bank of river Brahmaputra in the Sonitpur district, Assam.

• The area was designated as a reserve forest in 1974 and a sanctuary in 1995.

• It is a notified buffer of the Kaziranga Tiger Reserve and is an integral part of the Laokhowa-Burachapori ecosystem.

Flora

• It comprises a mosaic of wet alluvial grassland, riparian and semi-evergreen forests dotted by wetland and river systems.

• The grassland is also rich in various kinds of medicinal herbs and plants.

Fauna

• It is home to the Great Indian one-horned rhinoceros, tiger, leopard, wild buffalo, hog deer, wild pig, and elephants.

• It includes the highly endangered Bengal Florican.

• It also makes it an ideal breeding place for several species of migratory birds during the winter season.

What is Alluvial soils?

• Alluvial soils are soils that are formed by the deposition of sediment carried by flowing water, typically from rivers and streams. These soils are commonly found in floodplain areas, river valleys, and delta regions. Alluvial soils are among the most fertile and agriculturally productive soils due to their composition and the processes that form them.