Which of the following factors is are not a cause of Mass Movement 1 Increase in gradient or h...........

Geography NCERT

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Which of the following factors is/are not a cause of Mass Movement?

1.Increase in gradient or height of slopes.

2.Increase in natural vegetation cover.

3.Lack of natural seepage.

4.Occurrence of earthquake, explosions or machinery.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

1 only

1 and 2 only

2 and 3 only

1,2 and 3

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Explanation:

Several activating causes precede mass movements. They are:
·Removal of support from below to materials above through natural or artificial means,
·Increase in gradient and height of slopes,
·Overloading through addition of materials naturally or by artificial filling,
·Overloading due to heavy rainfall, saturation and lubrication of slope materials,
·Removal of material or load form over the original slope surfaces,
·Occurrence of earthquakes, explosions or machinery,
·Excessive natural seepage,
·Heavy drawdown of water from lakes, reservoirs and river leading to slow outflow of water from under the slopes or river banks,
·Indiscriminate removal of natural vegetation.