Explanation:

Both statements 1&2 are correct.
Fiberisation

• The process of connecting radio towers with each other via optical fiber cables is called fiberisation.
• It helps provide full utilization of network capacity and carries large amounts of data once 5G services are rolled out.
• It will also aid in providing additional bandwidth and stronger backhaul support.
• The backhaul is a component of the larger transport that is responsible for carrying data across the network.
• It represents the part of the network that connects the network's core to the edge.
• To transition into 5G, India needs at least 16 times more fiber, according to estimates by STL, a technology company specializing in optical fibers and cables.
• In India, currently, only 33% of the towers are fiberized, compared to 65%-70% in South Korea and 80%-90% in the U.S., Japan, and China, according to a 2021 report by India Infrastructure Research.
• India's fibre kilometer (fkm) per capita is lower than other key markets. Ideally, a country needs 1.3 km of fiber per capita to ensure good fiberisation.
• India’s fkm is just .09 compared to 1.35 in Japan, 1.34 in the U.S., and 1.3 in China.

Hence option 1st is correct.