Explanation:

All statements are correct.
G-secs, or government securities or government bonds, are instruments that governments use to borrow money.

• Governments routinely keep running into deficits — that is, they spend more than they earn via taxes.
• That is why they need to borrow from the people.
• G-sec yields change over time; often several times during a single day.
• This happens because of the manner in which G-secs are structured.

Every G-sec has a face value, a coupon payment, and a price.

• The price of the bond may or may not be equal to the face value of the bond.
• G-secs are the safest investments in any economy, and the G-sec yield is the lowest risk-free interest rate in any economy.
• If G-sec yields are going up, it would imply that lenders are demanding even more from private sector firms or individuals; that’s because anyone else is riskier when compared to the government.
• If G-sec yields start going up, it means lending to the government is becoming riskier.

Hence option 4th is correct.