Which of the following best explains the concept of Vernalisation ........

Environment and Ecology Biodiversity

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Which of the following best explains the concept of 'Vernalisation'?

Plants exposed to low temperature so as to hasten flowering later in life.

Death of specific animal cells on exposure to low temperature.

Growth of animal cells at a specific moisture and temperature condition.

Plants which need higher temperature for the growth of its stem and roots.

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Explanation:

There are plants for which flowering is either quantitatively or qualitatively dependent on exposure to low temperature. This phenomenon is termed as vernalisation. It prevents precocious reproductive development late in the growing season, and enables the plant to have sufficient time to reach maturity. Vernalisation refers specially to the promotion of flowering by a period of low temperature.Some important food plants, wheat, barley, rye have two kinds of varieties: winter and spring varieties. The 'spring' variety are normally planted in the spring and come to
flower and produce grain before the end of the growing season. Winter varieties, however, if planted in spring would normally fail to flower or produce mature grain within a span of a flowering season. Hence, they are planted in autumn. They germinate, and over winter come out as small seedlings, resume growth in the spring, and are harvested usually around mid-summer.