Which among the following are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium ions 1 Aerobic Az...........

Environment and Ecology Environment- Institutional Structure

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Which among the following are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium ions?

1. Aerobic Azatobacter

2. Rhizobium

3. Nitrobacter

4. Nitrosomonas bacteria

Select the correct code below:

1 and 2 Only

3 and 4 Only

1,2 and 3 Only

All of the above

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Explanation:

Certain microorganisms are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium ions.These include free living nitrifying bacteria(ex. aerobic Azatobacter and anaerobic Clostridium) and symbiotic nitrifying bacteria living in association with leguminous root nodule plants (ex. Rhizobium) as well as blue green algae (ex. Spirulina, Anabena etc.).
Ammonium ions can be directly taken up as a source of nitrogen by some plants, or are oxidized to nitrites or nitrates by two groups of specialized bacteria: Nitrosomonas bacteria promote transformation of ammonia into nitrate. Nitrite is then further transformed into nitrate by the bacteria Nitrobacter.