Which of the following statements are known from the Hathigumpha inscription of Kharavela 1 He was a...........

Ancient and Medival History Religion and Philosopjhy

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Which of the following statements are known from the Hathigumpha inscription of Kharavela?

1. He was a ruler of Kalinga.

2. He describes himself as a Mahameghavahana.

3. He convened a Council of Jain scholars.

4. He enlarged the canal originally excavated by a Nanda King, up to the city.

Select the correct answer from the code given below :

1, 2, 3 and 4

1, 2, and 3 only

2, 3 and 4 only

1, 2 and 4 only

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Explanation:

First statement is correct. Kharavela was a king of Kalinga in present-day Odisha, India. He ruled somewhere around first or second century BCE. The main source of information about Kharavela is his rock-cut Hathigumpha inscription.
Second is correct. The inscription states that the Emperor Kharavela had a liberal religious spirit. Kharavela describes himself as: The worshiper of all religious orders, the restorer of shrines of all gods.
Third is incorrect i.e. He convened a Council of Jain scholars. There is no clarity on King Mahameghavahana--Kharavela of Kalinga and his Jaina Council held at Udayagiri in the 13th year of his reign (2nd Century B.C.).

Fourth is correct. It is stated in the hathi gumpha inscription that a Nanda King had excavated a canal which was repaired and enlarged by Kharavel. Belonging to the Mahameghavahana dynasty, King Kharavela and his wife were patrons of art, religion and projects that lead to social welfare such as Orissa's water canal system.

Unlike Emperor Asoka who became a convert to Buddhism after the Kalinga War, Emperor Kharavela was a born Jaina. Most likely, the Chedi Kings of Kalinga were the devout followers of Jainism. Therefore, right from the beginning of his rule, Kharavela became a patron of Jainism