Consider the following statements and identify the correct one s 1 India can be recognised more appr...........

Indian Polity Elections

Consider the following statements and identify the correct one/s.

1. India can be recognised more appropriately as being a procedural democracy than a substantive democracy

2. The Election Commission of India has no powers to penalise political parties that fail to hold regular internal elections for office bearers

Select the correct answer using code given below

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

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Explanation:

Democratic theory includes both procedural and substantive democracy.
Procedural democracy can be said to refer to the practice of universal adult franchise, periodic elections, secret ballot.
Substantive democracy can be said to refer to the internal democratic functioning of the parties, which purportedly represent the people. Internal democracy includes provisions governing internal elections, candidate selection, secret ballots, and registration and deregistration of parties etc.

Currently, there is no express law for internal democratic regulation of political parties in India and the only governing law is provided by Section 29A of the RPA, which provides for registration of political parties.

Unfortunately, there are no provisions do not regulate the internal functioning of already registered parties. Moreover, the ECI’s power to require parties to hold regular internal elections for office bearers, and candidate selection is compromised in the absence of any penal provisions.