Explanation:

 Appeal by Special Leave (Article 136)

The Supreme court is authorised to grant in its  discretion  special leave to appeal from any judgement  in any matter passed by any court or tribunal in the country (except  military  tribunal and court martial) .This  provision contains  the four aspects as under :

• It is a discretionary power and hence , cannot be  claimed as a matter of right.
• It can be  granted  in any judgement whether final or interlocutory.
• It may be related to any matter - constitutional, civil, criminal ,income-tax  ,labour ,revenue ,advocates etc
• It can be granted against any court or tribunal  and not necessarily against a High Court (except  a military court ). Hence,statement c is not correct.

 Thus, the scope  of this provision is very wide and it vests  the Supreme court with a plenary jurisdiction' to  hear appeals. On the  exercise of this power ,the Supreme court  itself held that 'being an exceptional  and overriding power , it has to be exercised  sparingly and with caution  and only in special extraordinary  situations. Beyond that it is not possible to fetter the exercise of this power  by any set formula or rule.