Consider the following statements about the large number of states Bengal Awadh Hyderabad Mysore and...........

Ancient and Medival History Later Mughals and Advent of Europeans

Consider the following statements about the large number of states-Bengal, Awadh, Hyderabad, Mysore and Marathas- that emerged after the decline of Mughals.

1. Some of these states challenged the rising British supremacy in India

2. The politics of these states were invariably communal or non-secular.

3. Largely speaking, these states did not take progressive steps to modernize the Socio-economic and Political structure of their respective kingdoms.

Which of the above statement/s is/are correct?

All of the above

2 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

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Explanation:

Second statement is incorrect. The states, such as Bengal, Awadh and Hyderabad, may be characterised as 'succession states'. The politics of these states were invariably non-communal or secular, the motivations of their rulers being similar in economic and political terms.
• The states that arose in India during the phase of Mughal decline and the following century varied greatly in terms of resources, longevity, and essential character.
• Some of them-such as Awadh in the north and Hyderabad in the south were located in areas that had harboured regional states in the immediate pre-Mughal period and thus could hark back to an older local or regional tradition of state formation.
• Others were states that had a more original character and derived from very specific processes that had taken place in the course of the late 16th and 17th centuries. In particular, many of the post-Mughal states were based on ethnic or sectarian groupings – the Marathas, the Jats, and the Sikhs, for instance-which had no real precedent in Indian history.