Which of the following statement s about Arya Samaj is are correct 1 One of the distinctive features...........

Modern Indian History Socio-religious reform Movements

Which of the following statement/s about Arya Samaj is/are correct?

1. One of the distinctive features of Arya Samaj was the Shuddhi movement.

2. Though founded in Bombay it became very powerful in Punjab and other parts of north India.

3. They considered Puranas as eternal and infallible Hindu scriptures.

4. Later two factions developed one supporting English education (college section) and other supporting ancient Hindu education (Gurukula section)

Select the correct answer using codes given below

1 and 3 only

2, 3 and 4 only

1, 2 and 4 only

All of the above

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Explanation:

Main principles and objectives of the Arya Samaj are as follows:

1) Believes in infallibility of Vedas and takes them as only truth and source of all source all knowledge. Believed that post-Vedic texts such as Puranas were responsible for pollution of Vedic religion.
2) Opposes the idol-worship and reincarnation theory of God but accepts the doctrine of ‘Karma’ and transmigration of soul. Dayanand also rejected the theory of destiny / fate {Niyati}.
3) Believes in one God who has no physical existence.
4) Rejects Brahmanical dominance of spiritual and social life of Hindus. Denounces claim of Brahmins as intermediaries between man and God.
5) Supported Four Varna System but the Varna system should be based on merit not birth. Hindu religion gives everyone an equal place in the spiritual and social life.
6) Advocated equal status for women in the society. There is no room for any kind of discrimination against women on the basis of gender.
7) Advocated widow remarriage, female education and opposed polygamy, child marriage, Sati, etc.
8) Backed propagation of Hindi and Sanskrit. Considered good education as base of a good and solid social system. It did phenomenal work in the field of education even for women.
9) Denounces socio-religious evils such as animal sacrifices, religious pilgrimages, feeding the dead through sraddhas, magic and charms etc. According to Swami Dayanand, these evils exist in the society due to ignorance of the teaching of the Vedas.
10) It claimed that Hinduism was a proselytizing religion and by what is known as the suddhi (purification) movement it converted many non-Hindus to Hinduism and thus gave a new dynamic force to Hinduism. It has done a great deal of social and educational work, especially in the Punjab.
11) At first it confined its educational efforts to Sanskritic studies only, but later on one section of it led by Lala Hansraj supported the cultivation of western education as well as founded the Dayanand Anglo Vedic college at Lahore. The orthodox section continued to believe in the necessity of reviving the Vedic ideal in modern life and founded the gurukul at Haridwar in 1902. It has a still a large following in upper India.