Explanation:

A number of provisions in the constitution can be amended by a simple majority of the two houses of Parliament outside the scope of Art 368. These provisions include:

• Admission or establishment of new states.
• Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing states.
• Abolition or creation of legislative councils in states.
• Second Schedule—emoluments, allowances, privileges and so on of the president, the governors, the Speakers, judges, etc.
• Quorum in Parliament. 
• Salaries and allowances of the members of Parliament. (Salaries and allowances of the members of the legislative assembly is done by the respective state legislature.)
• Rules of procedure in Parliament.
• Privileges of the Parliament, its members and its committees.
• Use of English language in Parliament.
• Number of puisne judges in the Supreme Court.
• Conferment of more jurisdiction on the Supreme Court.
• Use of official language.
• Citizenship—acquisition and termination. ? Elections to Parliament and state legislatures.
• Delimitation of constituencies.
• Union territories.
• Fifth Schedule—administration of scheduled areas and scheduled tribes.
• Sixth Schedule—administration of tribal areas.

requiring special majority for their passage in each House i.e., a majority of the total membership of a House and by a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members of that House present and voting (article 368). The provisions which can be amended by this way includes:

• Fundamental Rights
• Directive Principles of State Policy and
• All other provisions which are not covered by the first and third categories.

requiring special majority for their passage and ratification by Legislatures of not less than one-half of the States by resolutions to that effect passed by those Legislatures (proviso to clause (2) of article 368). The following provisions can be amended in this way:

• Election of the President and its manner.
• Extent of the executive power of the Union and the states
• Supreme Court and high courts.
• Distribution of legislative powers between the Union and the states.
• Any of the lists in the Seventh Schedule.
• Representation of states in Parliament.
• Power of Parliament to amend the Constitution and its procedure (Article 368 itself).

• A Constitution Amendment Bill under article 368 can be introduced in either House of Parliament and has to be passed by each House by special majority.