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Which of the following statement about Virshaiva or Lingayat Philosophy is incorrect?
Basavanna was the founder of this philosophy and the movement associated with this philosophy was Sharana Movement.
Lingayats were opposed to Brahmanical notions of caste and Brahmanical texts like Dharamshastras.
The Lingayats practice ceremonial cremation of their dead as they believe in union of devotee with Shiva after death.
The sayings of people associated with the Lingayat Philosophy are known as 'vachanas'.
The twelfth century witnessed the emergence of a new movement in Karnataka, led by a Brahmana named Basavanna (1106-68) who was initially a Jaina and a minister in the court of a Chalukya king. His followers were known as Virashaivas (heroes of Shiva) or Lingayats (wearers of the linga). Lingayats continue to be an important community in the region to date. They worship Shiva in his manifestation as a linga, and men usually wear a small linga in a silver case on a loop strung over the left shoulder. Those who are revered include the jangama or wandering monks. Lingayats believe that on death the devotee will be united with Shiva and will not return to this world. Therefore they do not practise funerary rites such as cremation, prescribed in the Dharmashastras. Instead, they ceremonially bury their dead. The Lingayats challenged the idea of caste and the “pollution” attributed to certain groups by Brahmanas. They also questioned the theory of rebirth. These won them followers amongst those who were marginalised within the Brahmanical social order. The Lingayats also encouraged certain practices disapproved in the Dharmashastras, such as post-puberty marriage and the remarriage of widows. Our understanding of the Virashaiva tradition is derived from vachanas (literally, sayings)composed in Kannada by women and men who joined the movement.
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