Three of the following criteria have contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats Sri Lanka and I...........

Environment and Ecology Biodiversity

Three of the following criteria have contributed to the recognition of Western Ghats - Sri Lanka and Indo-Burma regions as hotspots of biodiversity.

1. Species richness

2. Vegetation density

3. Endemism

4. Ethnobotanical importance

5. Threat perception

6. Adaptation of flora and fauna to warm and humid climate.

Which three of the above are correct criteria in this context?

1, 2 and 6

2, 4 and 6

1, 3 and 5

3, 4 and 6

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Explanation:

The criteria for assigning the status of biodiversity hotspots is that is should have species richness, at least 1500 species should be endemic and there should be a threat perception that at least 70% of the habitat must have been destroyed. Therefore, answer is C.

The total number of plants that are endemic to an area is one of the two primary criteria for determining biodiversity hotspot status. To be designated as a hotspot an area must have at least 1,500 species of endemic plants. Many hotspots exceed this number by thousands. Sundaland and the Tropical Andes, for example, each have 15,000 endemic plants.
In total, hotspots hold at least 150,000 plants a endemics, representing a remarkable 50 percent of the world's vascular plant species. This is an absolute minimum, because it does not include species that are endemic to the combined area of two or more hotspots.
Another form of measurement, which is perhaps a better indicator of the importance of a particular hotspot, is the percentage of endemic plants compared to a hotspot's total plant diversity.
For example, among the 13, 000 plants species found in Madagascar and the Indian Ocean Islands, 11,600 are endemics, a remarkable 89 percent. These data are given in each of the individual hotspot sections.