Assertion A the equatorial circumference of earth is slightly more than the polar circumference of ...........

Geography Shape and Motions of Earth

.Assertion (A)- the equatorial circumference of earth is slightly more than the polar circumference of the earth.

Reason (R)- the centrifugal force generated by the earth’s rotation about its own axis makes the earth bulge around the equator

Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation for A

Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation for A

A is correct but R is incorrect

A is incorrect but R is correct

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Explanation:

Earth while rotating about its own axis generates centrifugal force that makes it bulge in the middle around the equator. This can be seen from the fact that earth is not a perfect sphere but a Geoidi.e. earth like shape.
This bulge around equator leads to a difference of around 68 km between equatorial and polar circumference and a difference of 42 km between equatorial and polar diameter of earth.
The Geoid shape is also responsible for difference in values of acceleration due to gravity at poles and equator. The value is slightly more at poles than at equator on account of being closer to centre of earth.
g at poles-9.82m/s2
g at equator – 9.78m/s2