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Sugar is one of the basic human necessities across the world. Sugarcane plantations became a major driver of large and forced human migrations in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Consider the following statements regarding sugarcane and sugar production:
1. It was in India that farmers discovered and began the farming of sugarcane.
2. The process to produce sugar crystals was invented in India.
3. European merchants started trading in sugar, which was a luxury and expensive spice in Europe.
4. Europeans from India took sugarcane to Europe and it became an important crop to be grown in England and France.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
1,2 and 3
2,3 and 4
1,3 and 4
All of the above
Europeans started growing sugarcane in there colonies in tropical area. Climate of Europe is not suitable for the growth of sugarcane. Over 2500 years ago, Indian farmers had discovered and begun farming many spices and sugarcane. It was in India, between the sixth and fourth centuries BC, that the Persians, followed by the Greeks, discovered the famous "reeds that produce honey without bees" being grown, pronounced as saccharum. On their return journey, the Macedonian soldiers carried the "honey bearing reeds," thus spreading sugar and sugarcane agriculture. People in India had invented, by about 500 BC, the process to produce sugar crystals. In the local language, these crystals were called khanda , which is the source of the word candy . Before the 18th century, cultivation of sugarcane was largely confined to India. A few merchants began to trade in sugar — a luxury and an expensive spice in Europe until the 18th century. Sugar became widely popular in 18th-century Europe, then graduated to becoming a human necessity in the 19th century all over the world. This evolution of taste and demand for sugar as an essential food ingredient unleashed major economic and social changes. Sugarcane does not grow in cold, frost-prone climate; therefore, tropical and semitropical colonies were sought.
Sugarcane plantations, just like cotton farms, became a major driver of large and forced human migrations in 19th century and early 20th century — of people from Africa and from India, both in millions — influencing the ethnic mix, political conflicts and cultural evolution of Caribbean, South American, Indian Ocean and Pacific Island nations.
By: Ashish ProfileResourcesReport error
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