With reference to composting consider the following statements 1 It is a method of decomposition of ...........

Environment and Ecology Waste Management

With reference to composting, consider the following statements:

1. It is a method of decomposition of solid wastes.

2. It requires high moisture content for the biological breakdown of the waste.

3. Carbon dioxide and heat are the byproducts in the composting process.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

2 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

1, 2 and 3

Composting is the natural process of 'rotting' or decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms under controlled conditions. Raw organic materials such as crop residues, animal wastes, food garbage, some municipal wastes and suitable industrial wastes, enhance their suitability for application to the soil as a fertilizing resource, after having undergone composting. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
Moisture content is an important factor in aerobic composting. The moisture content if about 55 percent is beneficial for biological breakdown of the waste. It may be sometimes necessary to add water in to maintain moisture content.
The microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria help to stabilise the organic matter. Compost produced acts as a good fertilizer for plants. The composting process also produces carbon dioxide and heat which can be used for various purposes like cooking. Hence, statements 2 and 3 are correct.