Which of the following were added to the Constitution by 42nd Constitutional Amendment 1976 1 n...........

Indian Polity Constitutional Amendments

Which of the following were added to the Constitution by 42nd Constitutional Amendment, 1976

1) Article 43B to promote voluntary formation of co-operative societies.

2) Article 39A enjoin the State to provide free legal aid to the poor and to take suitable steps to ensure equal justice to all.

3) Article 45 making provision for early childhood care and education…

4) Article 43A to ensure the participation of workers in the management of industry.

Code

1 and 4

2 and 4

1, 2 and 3

2 and 3

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Explanation:

2nd and 3rd options are incorrect.

The provisions under 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 are given below:

1. Added three new words (i.e., socialist, secular and integrity) in the Preamble.

2. Added Fundamental Duties by the citizens (new Part IV A).

3. Made the president bound by the advise of the cabinet.

4. Provided for administrative tribunals and tribunals for other matters (Added Part XIV A).

5. Froze the seats in the Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies on the basis of 1971 census till 2001.

6. Made the constitutional amendments beyond judicial scrutiny.

7. Curtailed the power of judicial review and writ jurisdiction of the Supreme Court and high courts.

8. Raised the tenure of Lok Sabha and state legislative assemblies from 5 to 6 years.

9. Provided that the laws made for the implementation of Directive Principles cannot be declared invalid by the courts on the ground of violation of some Fundamental Rights.

10. Empowered the Parliament to make laws to deal with anti-national activities and such laws are to take precedence over Fundamental Rights.

11. Added three new Directive Principles viz., equal justice and free-legal aid, participation of workers in the management of industries and protection of environment, forests and wild life.

12. Facilitated the proclamation of national emergency in a part of territory of India.

13. Extended the one-time duration of the President’s rule in a state from 6 months to one year.

14. Empowered the Centre to deploy its armed forces in any state to deal with a grave situation of law and order.

15. Shifted five subjects from the state list to the concurrent list, viz, education, forests, protection of wild animals and birds, weights and measures and administration of justice, constitution and organisation of all courts except the Supreme Court and the high courts.

16. Did away with the requirement of quorum in the Parliament and the state legislatures.

17. Empowered the Parliament to decide from time to time the rights and privileges of its members and committees.

18. Provided for the creation of the All-India Judicial Service.

19. Shortened the procedure for disciplinary action by taking away the right of a civil servant to make representation at the second stage after the inquiry (i.e., on the penalty proposed).