Explanation:

EXPLANATION:
Heating and cooling atmosphere:

• There are different ways of heating and cooling of the atmosphere. The earth after being heated by insolation transmits the heat to the atmospheric layers near to the earth in long wave form. The air in contact with the land gets heated slowly and the upper layers in contact with the lower layers also get heated. This process is called conduction.
• Conduction takes place when two bodies of unequal temperature are in contact with one another there is a flow of energy from the warmer to cooler body. The transfer of heat continue until both the bodies attain the same temperature or the contact is broken. Conduction is important in heating the lower layers of the atmosphere.
• The air in contact with the earth rises vertically on heating in the form of currents and further transmits the heat of the atmosphere. This process of vertical heating of the atmosphere is known as convection. The convective transfer of energy is confined only to the troposphere.
• The transfer of heat through horizontal movement of air is called advection. Horizontal movement of the air is relatively more important than the vertical movement. In middle latitudes most of dirunal (day and night) variation in daily weather are caused by advection alone. In tropical regions particularly in northern India during summer season local winds called ‘loo’ is the outcome of advection process.