Context: Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, Various space agencies around the world have planned 6 major six space missions in 2021.
About Artemis 1

• Artemis 1 is the first flight of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)-led, International Artemis Program to return astronauts to the Moon by 2024.
• It will consist of an un-crewed Orion spacecraft that will reach the farthest distance into space with human transportation facility.

The mission is aimed to-

• Help to evaluate how the spacecraft performs in deep space.
• Serve as a precursor to later crewed lunar missions.

Mars Missions
By United Arab Emirates

• The Arab world’s first, the Al Amal (Hope) spacecraft is scheduled to arrive in Mars orbit.
• It will spend two years monitoring the Martian weather and disappearing atmosphere.

By China

• The Tianwen-1 mission to Mars consists of an orbiter and a surface rover.
• Successful landing on Mars surface will make China the 3rd country to land anything on Mars surface.

It has several objectives including

• Mapping the mineral composition of the surface.
• Searching for sub-surface water deposits.

By United States

• The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA’s) Perseverance rover will land at Jezero Crater and search for any signs of ancient life which may have been preserved in the clay deposits there.
• It will store a cache of Martian surface samples on board and will return samples of Mars to Earth.

Chandrayaan-3

• Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is planning to launch its third lunar mission.
• It will consist of only a lander and rover.
• It is planned to touch down in the lunar south pole’s Aitken basin, with an aim to find deposits of subsurface water ice.

James Webb Space Telescope

• The James Webb Space Telescope is the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope and will be launched on an Ariane 5 rocket.
• It has a bigger mirror of 6.5-metre diameter for improving image resolution and seeing finer detail on the infrared wavelength band to observe really distant objects in the space.

Mission

• The primary mission is look at light from galaxies at the edge of the universe to get information about how the first stars, galaxies and planetary systems formed. 
• Also include some information about the origin of life
• Imaging exoplanet atmospheres in high detail.