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Daily Current Affairs

India Begins UNSC Tenure

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India Begins UNSC Tenure
Context: India will begin its two-year tenure as a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) on January 1.
Key Points
  • India will sit as non-permanent member in UNSC for the eighth time.
  • On January 1, India, Norway, Kenya, Ireland and Mexico will join non-permanent members Estonia, Niger, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Tunisia and Vietnam and the five permanent members China, France, Russia, U.K. and the U.S.
  • India will be UNSC President in August 2021 and will preside over the council again for a month in 2022.
India’s agenda at UNSC:
  • India will promote diversity at United Nations (UN).
  • It will emphasise on a greater need for cooperation in the council.
  • It will try to reinforce multilateralism.
India’s priorities:
  • Terrorism
  • Peacekeeping
  • Maritime security
  • Reformed multilateralism
  • Technology
  • Women, youth and developmental issues
  • India will promote UNSC reforms.
United Nations Security Council (UNSC)
  • A premier global body for maintaining international peace and security,
Objective
  • Impose binding obligations on the 193 UN member states to maintain peace.
  • Assesses threats to international security, addressing issues that include civil wars, natural disasters, arms control, and terrorism.
Organisation
  • The UNSC held its first session on 17 January 1946 at London. Since its first meeting, It has taken permanent residence at the United Nations Headquarters in New York City.
  • It also travelled to many cities, holding sessions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 1972, in Panama City, Panama, and in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1990.
Structure
  • In its initial form, the SC was formed of 11 members, among them 5 permanent ones and 6 non-permanent ones.
  • In 1963 the Charter of the United Nations (UN) has been amended in order to allow an increase of the number of non-permanent members from 6 to 10.
  • The five permanent members—China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States—collectively known as the P5. Any one of them can veto a resolution.
  • The council’s ten elected members, which serve two-year, non-consecutive terms, are not afforded veto power.
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