Explanation:

Microclimatic Zones Shifting

• Microclimatic zones, or areas where the weather is different from surrounding areas, they are shifting across various districts of India.
• A shift in microclimate zones may lead to severe disruptions across sectors – every 2 degrees C rise in annual mean temperature will reduce agricultural productivity by 15-20%.
• Some reasons identified behind this shift in microclimatic zones is change in land-use patterns, disappearing wetlands and natural ecosystems by encroachment, and urban heat islands that traps heat locally.

Hence option 3rd is correct.