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Which among the following can be explained by capillary action?
1. Drainage of the tear fluid in eyes
2. Soaking of the liquid by paper towels
3. Rise of water from roots of plants
Select the correct statement/s using codes given below:
1 only
1 and 3 only
2 and 3 only
all of the above
Capillary action (sometimes capillarity, capillary motion, capillary effect, or wicking) is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, external forces like gravity. The effect can be seen in the drawing up of liquids between the hair of a paint-brush, in a thin tube, in porous materials such as paper and plaster, in some non-porous materials such as sand and liquefied carbon fiber, or in a cell. It occurs because of intermolecular forces between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. If the diameter of the tube is sufficiently small, then the combination of surface tension (which is caused by cohesion within the liquid) and adhesive forces between the liquid and container wall act to propel the liquid Many everyday phenomena are a result of capillary action, including:
(1) A kerosene lamp or a candle "sucking up" oil or liquid wax, respectively. (2) Water climbing up the microscopic fibers of paper towels. (3) Located at the inner ends of each eye, the lacrimal ducts drain our tears using capillary action. (4) In chromatography, a method for separating solutes, different solutes climb up the surface of a stationary phase at different rates, resulting in separation Capillary action is essential for the drainage of constantly produced tear fluid from the eye. Two canaliculi of tiny diameter are present in the inner corner of the eyelid, also called the lacrimal ducts; their openings can be seen with the naked eye within the lacrymal sacs when the eyelids are everted.
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