Two aspects in answers

Facts :

• Internal ( hidden) and External ( Visible)
• Objective

Values

• Interpretations
• Judgements

Types of directives

Explanatory Directives (Facts based )

• What, Why, How , Explain , Define , Describe
• Exphasis is on facts

Comparative Directives ( both fact and value based comparisons )

• Compare , Differentiate, contrast , relate
• Emphasis is on developing

Analytical directives ( Value based )

• Criticize, Discuss, Evaluate, Prove, Interpret, Review, Comment, Examine

Representational Directives

• Innumerate, list, Summarize, Trace, Diagram

Single , Multiple and Compound Directive

Single :

What are the continued challenges for women in India against time and space?

Multiple :

What are the continued challenges for women in India against time and space? Explain Why is it so ?

Compound

What are the continued challenges for women in India against time and space? Discuss

2019- GS paper -1

How – 5

What – 3

Why -1

Explain -3

Discuss- 6

Examine -1

Assess -1

Highlight -1

Elucidate-1

Elaborate -1

2019 : Compound directives

What makes the Indian society unique in sustaining its culture ? Discuss.

What

Do

The emphasis is on facts relating to the subject in question.

Facts include the external and internal aspect.

It may include types, dimensions etc

Do not

In such question value judgement, opinions, implication etc, should be avoided.

What are you studying ?

What are land Reforms ?

What is globalization ?

What is green Revolution ?

What are the continued challenges for women in India against time and space? (Answer in 250 words)       15

What are the challenges to our cultural practices in the name of secularism? (Answer in 150 words)      10

why

The establishment of relationships in causative form

Its better to state facts while writing “Why”

Why are you studying ?

Why land reforms

Why Green revolution

What is water stress ? How and why does it differ regionally in India? (Answer in 250 words) 15

Case of multiple directives or compound ?

How

The establishment of relationships in terms of process.

Linkages in the form of chain is to be identified

How are you studying ?

How land reforms ?

How Green revolution ?

How can the mountain ecosystem be restored from the negative impact of development initiatives and tourism?            (Answer in 250 words)       15

How is efficient and affordable urban mass transport key to the rapid economic development in India? (Answer in 250 words) 15

How do ocean currents and water masses differ in their impacts on marine life and coastal environment? Give suitable examples. (Answer in 250 words)       15

Simple to understand

What are you studying

Why are you studying

How are you studying

May be confusing

What is the influence of land reforms on Indian society ?

Why land reforms were introduced in Indian society ?

How land reforms influenced Indian society ?

Craft of understanding question

Define

Do

Definitions call for concise, clear, authoritative meanings.

Details are not required but limitations of the definition ( definitional problems ) should be briefly cited.

While giving definition , You must keep in mind the category to which something belongs and consider what differentiates the particular object from all others in its category.

Donot

Give different aspects like types, dimensions , features etc .

What do you mean by …

What do you understand by ….

Defineland reforms ?

Define Green revolution ?

2019- GS 3

Define the concept of carrying capacity of an ecosystem as relevant to an environment. Explain how understanding this concept is vital while planning for sustainable development of a region.    (Answer in 250 words)15

Explain

In such an answer it is best to state the “What , Why , How ," reconcile any differences in opinion or experimental results, and, where possible, state causes.

The aim is to make plain the conditions which give rise to the subject matter .

The answer should start with what and moving towards other analytical aspects of the subject matter

Do not

In such questions the critical analysis should be avoided.

Explainland reforms ?

Explain Green revolution ?

Explain how the foundations of the modern world were laid by the American and French Revolutions. (Answer in 250 words)  15

2019 – GS paper-2

“What introduces friction into the ties between India and the United States is that Washington is still unable to find for India a position in its global strategy, which would satisfy India’s National self- esteem and ambitions” Explain with suitable examples.(15)

Do you think that constitution of India does not accept principle of strict separation of powers rather it is based on the principle of ‘checks and balance’? Explain.(10)

“The Central Administration Tribunal which was established for redressal of grievances and complaints by or against central government employees, nowadays is exercising its powers as an independent judicial authority.” Explain.(10)

Describe

In a descriptive answer you should recount ( sequence of events ), characterize ( giving facts ), sketch( Important highlights ) in narrative form.

Good writing skills are required as flow has to be maintained

Describe land reforms ?

Describe Green revolution ?

Elucidate

To make clear or plain, by explanation;

To explain or clarify something clearly and plain manner

Can give examples substantiation

elaborate

to expand something in detail ( the subject matter in question)

It includes explanation in detail the causal or other linkages asked in the subject matter

Difference between explain and describe is only in terms of analusis included .. Explain includes analysis in the form of cause/relevance/use where in describe emphasis is more on facts in the form of a sketch.

State

In questions which direct you to specify, give, state, or present, you are called upon to express the

High points relating to subject matter in brief,

Points should be prioritized .

Donot

Details and illustrations or examples may be omitted.