Explanation:

 Syncrude Canada Ltd. is one of the world's largest producers of synthetic crude oil from oil sands and the largest single source producer in Canada.The method used for shale gas extraction involves hydraulic fracturing of rock layers by highly pressurized fluid. There are some fractures like dikes that form naturally, creating the means by which petroleum and gas may make it to reservoir rocks. Hydraulic fracturing, also known as fracking, is a technique used in releasing shale gas from other substances. High pressure liquid is used to create fractures from bores drilled into rock formations. Modern fracking, done horizontally, was originally done in 1998, in Texas. Since then, it has been used in various areas around the world, including Britain.
The energy created by fracking fluids under high pressure creates new rock channels, allowing the extraction of shale gas. People and campaigners who are in favor of fracking point out that there is much economic benefit that can be achieved from retrieving shale gas that was once thought to be inaccessible. Opponents of the procedure worry about the environmental impact of fracking. This includes possible ground water contamination, air quality risks and contamination at the surface level from flowback, which is the excess fluid that is released after the shale, has been fractured.