Explanation:

• Composting organisms require four equally important ingredients to work effectively Carbon -for energy; the microbial oxidation of carbon produces the heat, if included at suggested levels.
• High carbon materials tend to be brown and dry.
• Nitrogen - to grow and reproduce more organisms to oxidize the carbon.
• High nitrogen materials tend to be green (or colorful, such as fruits and vegetables) and wet.
• Oxygen- for oxidizing the carbon, the decomposition process.
• Water - in the right amounts to maintain activity without causing anaerobic conditions.
• Please note that Carbon is a reducing agent and it will not oxidize oxygen but reduce it. Hence second statement is wrong.
• During composting, organic matter breaks down into nitrogen and carbon, and when these two are balanced, you get compost.
• Too much nitrogen will make the matter rot; too much carbon makes the mix dry and inert.
• Nitrogen comes from the green waste — vegetable and fruit peels, flowers, leftover food.
• Carbon comes from the brown waste — dry leaves that fall from trees, shredded cardboard, brown coconut shreds (not the shell).
• While composting can be aerobic or anaerobic, the simplest way to compost involves air, introduced into the mix through vents in the composting bin and through an occasional stir.