Consider following statements with reference to Sleeping sickness disease

1. It is transmitted by the bite of the tsetse fly, which transfers the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma brucei, to both humans and cattle. 
2. Togo has become the first country in Africa to eliminate human African Trypanosomiasis.
3. This type of disease can only be found in African continent.

Select the correct statement.

Recently, Togo has become the first country in Africa to eliminate human African Trypanosomiasis or sleeping sickness, a disease caused by parasites transmitted through infected tsetse flies.

About the disease

• This disease is transmitted by the bite of the tsetse fly, which transfers the protozoan parasite, Trypanosoma brucei, to both humans and cattle. 
• The infection results in fever, headache and joint pains, followed by confusion, poor coordination, numbness and disturbed sleep.
• There are two types of sleeping sickness. The first type occurs due to the Trypanosoma brucei gambiense parasite found in 24 countries in west and central Africa. 
• It caused more than 88 per cent of reported cases of sleeping sickness in 2019, according to updated estimates made available by the WHO.
• The second type is due to the Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense parasite found in 13 countries in eastern and southern Africa. 
• This type accounted for the remaining 12 per cent of reported cases in 2019.

Hence all statements are correct.

By: Shubham Tiwari