Explanation:

 The main objective of SICA is to determine sickness and expedite the revival of potentially viable units or closure of unviable units (unit here in refers to a Sick Industrial Company). It was expected that by revival, idle investments in sick units will become productive and by closure, the locked up investments in unviable units would get released for productive use elsewhere.
The Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Act, 1985 (hereinafter called the Act) was enacted with a view to securing the timely detection of sick and potential sick companies owning industrial undertakings, the speedy determination by a body of experts of the preventive, ameliorative, remedial and other measure which need to be taken with respect to such companies and the expeditious enforcement of the measures so determined and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
SICA applies to companies both in public and private sectors owning industrial undertakings:-
(a) pertaining to industries specified in the First Schedule to the Industries (Development and Regulation) Act, 1951, (IDR Act) except the industries relating to ships and other vessels drawn by power and;
(b) not being "small scale industrial undertakings or ancillary industrial undertakings" as defined in Section 3(j) of the IDR Act.
(c) The criteria to determine sickness in an industrial company are (i) the accumulated losses of the company to be equal to or more than its net worth i.e. its paid up capital plus its free reserves (ii) the company should have completed five years after incorporation under the Companies Act, 1956 (iii) it should have 50 or more workers on any day of the 12 months preceding the end of the financial year with reference to which sickness is claimed. (iv) it should have a factory license.

The BIFR was established under The Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Act, 1985 (SICA). The Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) is an agency of the government of India, part of the Department of Financial Services of the Ministry of Finance. Its objective is to determine sickness of industrial companies and to assist in reviving those that may be viable and shutting down the others.