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Consider the following statements on the Hot Wet Equatorial Climate and mark the correct statements.
1. The double rainfall peaks coincide with the equinoxes whereas the least rain falls on June and December solstices.
2. The monsoonal pattern in India is a modified type of Equatorial climate through the influence of on-shore Trade Winds.
3. The tropical soils are rich in mineral and humus content and thus can be used repetitively for settled agriculture.
4. The tropical hardwoods have great potential in commercial extraction for their high availability and easy accessibility.
Codes:
1, 2
2, 4
1, 2, 3
1, 3, 4
The Hot, Wet Equatorial Climate Distribution The equatorial, hot, wet climate is found between 5o and 10 o north and south of the equator. Its greatest extent is found in the lowlands of the Amazon, the Congo, Malaysia and the East Indies. Further away from the equator, the influence of the on-shore Trade Winds, gives rise to a modified type of equatorial climate with monsoonal influences.
Climatic Conditions Temperature: The most outstanding feature of the equatorial climate is its great uniformity of temperature throughout the year. The mean monthly temperatures are always around 27°C with very little variation. There is no winter. Cloudiness and heavy precipitation moderates the daily temperature, so that even at the equator itself, the climate is not unbearable. The diurnal range of temperature is small, and so is the annual range. Precipitation: Precipitation is heavy, between 60 inches and 100 inches, and well distributed throughout the year. There is no month without rain and a distinct dry season like those of the Savannah or the Tropical Monsoon Climates, is absent. Due to the great heat in the equatorial belt, mornings are bright, and sunny. There is much evaporation and convectional air currents are set up, followed by heavy downpours. Natural Vegetation: It supports a luxuriant type of vegetation – the tropical rain forest. Amazon tropical rain forest is known as Selvas. It comprises a multitude of evergreen trees that yield tropical hardwood, e.g. mahogany, ebony, greenheart, cabinet wood. Lianas, epiphytic and parasitic plants are also found. Trees of single species are very scarce in such vegetation. Life and Development in the Equatorial Regions: The equatorial regions are generally sparsely populated. In the forests most primitive people live as hunters and collectors and the more advanced ones practise shifting cultivation. In the Amazon basin, the Indian tribes collect wild rubber, in the Congo Basin the Pygmies gather nuts and in the jungles of Malaysia the Orang Asli make all sorts of cane products and sell them to people in villages and towns. In the clearings for shifting cultivation, crops like manioc (tapioca), yams, maize, bananas and groundnuts are grown.
First statement is correct doubly Rainfall Peak refers to the two periods of maximum rainfall in April and October, in equatorial region. These two peaks are observed shortly after the equinoxes which occur around March 21st and September 23rd every year. This double rainfall peak is a unique feature of equatorial climate. Second statement is incorrect because in India there is influence of Tropical Monsoon climate.The Tropical Monsoon is found in the zones between 5° and 30° latitudes on either side of the equator.These areas are the tropical monsoon lands with on-shore wet monsoons in the summer and off-shore dry monsoons in the winter. They are best developed in the Indian sub-continent, Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, parts of Vietnam and south China and northern Australia. Third statement is correct. Fourth statement is correct. Most of the tropical forests yield valuable timber, and are prized for their durable hardwood. Amongst these teak is the best known.
By: Vishal ProfileResourcesReport error
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