Explanation:

1.  The Boreal Forest is the term applied to the huge area of dense coniferous forests of North America, northern Europe and Asia occurring at high latitudes where the climate is characterised by very cold winters, usually about 40cm of rainfall and a short summer growing season.  The soils are generally strongly acid.  The extreme climate coupled with the strong soil acidity means that relatively few organisms exist in the soil and the turnover of organic matter is slow.

2. In contrast to tropical rain forest soils, desert soils are able to support little vegetation, mainly because of the extremely low rainfall and very high temperatures. Desert soils are low in organic matter because of the scarcity of plant remains and the rapid rate at which any organic matter is broken down by the intense heat.  They are rich in nutrients.

3.  Regolith is a combination of materials which are attached to the surface of rocks in a loose way.It is a heterogeneous mixture of different materials, such as dust, soil, broken particles of rock, and other materials present on the planet.  They are foun on slopes of mountain ranges.

4.  Temperate Steppe type grasslands have thin focculated soils, rich in bases.