Explanation:

Option A: Liberalism is a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas such as freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, free markets, civil rights, democratic societies, secular governments, gender equality, and international cooperation.

Option B: This involves free market economies where each individual tries to maximize his or her own interest. Option C: This is usually understood to be against the system of capitalism

Option D: This is essentially Marxism as applied by Lenin. It stands for the achievement of a dictatorship of the proletariat (workforce), as a political prelude to the establishment of socialism (a system that is more or less opposite of capitalism).