Explanation:

The El Niño effect played a significant role in creating the conditions that led to the 1997 Indonesian forest fires. El Niño is characterized by unusual warming of the Pacific Ocean waters, which can lead to droughts in some regions. In Indonesia, the drought conditions exacerbated by El Niño made the forests more susceptible to fires, many of which were started by humans for land-clearing and agricultural purposes. These fires were not directly caused by the greenhouse effect or depletion of the ozone layer, although climate and atmospheric conditions can influence such events.