Consider the following statements about Malaria and its incidence in India The majority of malaria r...........

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Consider the following statements about Malaria and its incidence in India.

The majority of malaria reporting districts are in India’s eastern and central parts.
The Government has set malaria elimination deadline as 2027.
Malaria is most commonly transmitted by a male mosquito or female sand-flies.

Select the correct answer using the codes below.

1 and 2 only

3 only

1 and 3 only

2 only

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Explanation:

According to the World Malaria Report 2016, India accounts for 89% of the incidence of malaria in the South-East Asia region.

Statement 1: In India, malaria parasites are found more in the forest areas and plains. Most malaria cases are mainly concentrated in tribal and remote areas of the country. Six states — Odisha (40%), Jharkhand (20%), Chhattisgarh (20%), Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram (5-7%) report most of the malaria cases in India. These states, along with tribal areas of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra account for 90% of India’s malaria burden.

Statement 2: The Union Health Ministry and Family Welfare for first time has unveiled National Strategic Plan (NSP) for Malaria Elimination (2017-22). It has set malaria elimination deadline as 2027, three years ahead of the global deadline (under SDGs).

Statement 3: Malaria is a vector borne disease caused by parasitic protozoans belonging to the Plasmodium type. It is most commonly transmitted by an infected female Anopheles mosquito.