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Consider the following statements in context of Animal Husbandry.
1. Inbreeding helps in accumulation of superior genes
2. Continued inbreeding reduces productivity
3. Inbreeding can result in genetic disorders.
Which of the above statements are correct?
1 only
1 and 2 only
2 and 3 only
All of the above
All the statements are correct. Animal breeding • The process of creating a new breed with superior characters in the offspring is called animal breeding. • A group of animals related by descent and similar in most character like general appearance, features, size and configuration is called a breed • Breeding is of two types- 1. Inbreeding 2. Outbreeding • When breeding is between animals of the same breed it is called inbreeding. • Superior males and superior females of the same breed are identified and mated in pairs. • In case of cattle, superior female is the cow or buffalo produces more milk per lactation and a superior male is the bull which gives rise to superior progeny as compared to those of other males. • Inbreeding increases homozygosity. • Inbreeding exposes harmful recessive genes that are eliminated by selection. • It also helps in accumulation of superior genes and elimination of less desirable genes. • Continued inbreeding usually reduces fertility and even productivity, which is called inbreeding depression. Out breeding programme is the solution to overcome in-breeding depression.Crosses between different breeds are called outbreeding.Out breeding is of three types- 1. Out crossing- Mating of animals within the same breed, but having no common ancestors on either side of their pedigree up to 4-6 generations is called outcrossing and the resulting offsprings are called out cross. 2. Cross- breeding— Mating of superior male of one breed and superior female of another breed is called cross breeding. Desirable qualities of two breeds can be combined by this process. Hisardale is a new breed of sheep developed in Punjab by crossing Bikaneri ewes and Marino rams. 3. Interspecific hybridization- the process in which male and female of different species of animals are mated is called interspecific hybridization. Example- mule, a hybrid of donkey and horse. Refer to the following link for more details http://www.learncbse.in/important-questions-for-class-12-biology-cbse-animal-husbandry/
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