What are ldquo Arad and Carmel rdquo sometimes seen in the news ........

Security Issues Defence

What are “Arad and Carmel” sometimes seen in the news?

A defence collaboration between Japan and South Korea

An Israeli assault rifles

India’s indigenous anti-missile programme

An American anti-missile system

About Arad and Carmel
These are two new Israeli assault rifles now set to be manufactured in India.

Carmel is a multi-purpose, modular, 5.56X45mm caliber assault rifle. The rifle can be easily customised, depending on the operational needs, military or law enforcement tasks — vehicle patrol, CQB (close-quarters combat), undercover missions, short and medium combat engagement, diverse police operations, VIP protection, and more.
While Arad is an M4-type Assault Rifle, intended for all kinds of combat scenarios with its ability to change calibers. The rifle can be changed to shoot two different caliber bullets — 5.56 and 300 BLK.

Hence option 2nd is correct.