Explanation:

The world’s costliest fungus — Ophiocordyceps sinensis — also known as Himalayan Viagra, which sells in international markets for upwards of Rs 20 lakh per kg, has entered the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. The list has placed the fungus, known for its aphrodisiac and rejuvenation properties, in the ‘vulnerable’ category. Citing the reason for placing the fungus in the vulnerable category, IUCN said “its spread has declined by at least 30% over the past 15 years as a result of overharvesting”. The fungus is also known as keeda jadi in Uttarakhand because of its caterpillar-like appearance. It is endemic to the Himalayan and Tibetan plateau and is found in China, Bhutan, Nepal and India. In India, it is primarily found in Uttarakhand in the higher reaches of districts like Pithoragarh and Chamoli. Hence option 4th is correct.