Explanation:

About 73rd Amendment Act of 1992

• This act has added a new Part-IX to the Constitution of India.
• This part is entitled as ‘The Panchayats’ and consists of provisions from Articles 243 to 243 O.
• In addition, the act has also added a new Eleventh Schedule to the Constitution.
• This schedule contains 29 functional items of the panchayats. It deals with Article 243-G.
• The act has given a practical shape to Article 40 of the Constitution which says that, “The State shall take steps to organise village panchayats and endow them with such powers and authority as may be necessary to enable them to function as units of self-government.” Hence statement 1st is incorrect.
• This article forms a part of the Directive Principles of State Policy.
• The act gives a constitutional status to the panchayati Raj.
• Under the Act, a state having a population not exceeding 20 lakh may not constitute panchayats at the intermediate level.