Context: In a recent medical technique, known as less invasive surfactant administration (LISA), has been started for the treatment of lung disease or respiratory distress syndrome among premature babies.
About Less-invasive surfactant administration (LISA) 

• It is a technique whereby surfactant is given via a thin catheter inserted in the trachea.
• The surfactant is administered via a thin feeding tube, instead of endotracheal tube, which is immediately removed after the procedure, while the baby is on the continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine.
• The LISA technique allows the infant to remain on non-invasive ventilation support and avoids intubation and therefore mechanical ventilation.
• LISA has been developed as a lung protective strategy for respiratory management and ventilation, in view of the mechanical ventilation causing damage to the preterm lungs of newborns.
• It is found that LISA technique is very helpful in minimising the side effects.