With reference to lsquo Indian Ocean Dipole IOD consider the following statements 1 It is a phenomen...........

Geography Monsoons and Climate in India

With reference to ‘Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), consider the following statements:

1. It is a phenomenon characterized by the difference in sea surface temperature of the western and eastern tropical Indian Ocean across equator.

2. Positive IOD results in abundant rainfall over the western Indian Ocean and scarce rainfall over eastern Indian Ocean.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

1 only

2 only

Both 1 and 2

Neither 1 nor 2

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Explanation:

The Indian summer monsoon rainfall is influenced by a system of oscillating sea surface temperatures of western and eastern tropical Indian Ocean across equator known as the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) in which the western Indian Ocean becomes alternately warmer and then colder than the eastern part of the ocean. IOD develops in the equatorial region of Indian Ocean from April to May peaking in October.

A positive IOD occurs when the sea surface temperatures are greater than normal in the Arabian Sea and less than normal in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean. When the reverse is the case, a negative IOD is said to have developed. A positive IOD leads to greater monsoon rainfall and more active (above normal rainfall) monsoon days while negative IOD leads to less rainfall and more monsoon break days (no rainfall). Hence both the options are correct.