Explanation:

India’s surrogacy market

1. Surrogacy is an arrangement, often supported by a legal agreement, whereby a woman (the surrogate mother) agrees to bear a child for another person or persons, who will become the child's parent(s) after birth.
2. Commercial surrogacy was legalized in 2002 to promote “medical tourism”. This has led to the mushrooming of over 3000 clinics in India.
3. According to  Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) around 2,000-odd babies per year through commercial surrogacy when a woman is paid an agreed sum for renting her womb. 
4. CII figures say surrogacy is a $2.3-billion industry fed by a lack of regulations and poverty.

Provisions of the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill
It was first mooted in 2016 in the wake of repeated reports of exploitation of women as they repeatedly become surrogate mothers to supplement family income.The Bill has already been scrutinised once earlier by the Standing Committee on Health and Family Welfare.

• Allow altruistic ethical surrogacy: The Surrogacy Bill proposes to allow altruistic ethical surrogacy to intending infertile Indian married couples in the age groups 23-50 years (women) and 26-55 years (men).
• Legally married for at least five years: The couple should have been legally married for at least five years and should be Indian citizens. 
• Cannot have a surviving child:They cannot have a surviving child, either biological or adopted, except when they have a child who is mentally or physically challenged or suffers from a life-threatening disorder with no permanent cure. 
• Surrogacy clinics to be registered: It requires surrogacy clinics to be registered, and national and state surrogacy boards to be formed.
• Commercial surrogacy is a punishable offence: The bill makes commercial surrogacy, and abandoning or disowning a surrogate child punishable by imprisonment up to 10 years and a fine up to Rs 10 lakh.