Explanation:

Government of India has given clearance to an ambitious gene-mapping project, estimated to be worth Rs 238 crore. The Genome India Project, involve over 20 scientists from institutions including the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bengaluru and a few IITs. Genome refers to an organism’s complete set of DNA, which includes all its genes and mapping these genes simply means finding out the location of these genes in a chromosome. Genome mapping enables scientists to gather evidence if a disease transmitted from the parent to the child is linked to one or more genes. Genome maps have been used to find out genes that are responsible for relatively rare, single-gene inherited disorders such as cystic fibrosis and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Genetic maps may also point out scientists to the genes that play a role in more common disorders and diseases such as asthma, cancer and heart disease among others. Genome maps are one-dimensional, much like the DNA molecules that make up the genome.