You are serving as the Public Health Officer in a district that is lagging behind in achieving the OpenDefecation Free (ODF) status. Even after ensuring adequate access to water and sanitation services,their usage has not spread and the practice of open defecationcontinues in the district. Despite seriousextension efforts by the government, safe hygienic practices have not been adopted by the people. Asa result, various instances of bacteriological contamination and water-borne diseases have surfacedup recently. In such a scenario:

(a) Examine the reasons behind low usage and adoption rates of built toilets in India?

(b) Highlighting the principles to be kept in mind while preparing an effective Information, Education and Communication (IEC) strategy, design an action plan to address the      problem.