Multiple Choice Questions on With reference to the pre historic paintings consider the following statements 1 Pre historic painti........... for UPSC Civil Services Examination (General Studies) Preparation

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    With reference to the pre-historic paintings, consider the following statements:

    1. Pre-historic paintings were only concentrated in Northern India.

    2. Themes of paintings found in Bhimbetka included mundane events of the daily life of those times and sacred images.

    3. Lakhudiyar paintings are famous pre- historic paintings found in Bihar.

    Which of the statements given above is/are correct? 

    1 only

    Incorrect Answer

    1 and 2 only

    Incorrect Answer

    2 only

    Correct Answer

    2 and 3 only

    Incorrect Answer
    Explanation:
    • Remnants of pre-historic rock paintings have been found on the walls of the caves situated in several districts of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar  Pradesh,  Andhra  Pradesh,  Karnataka,  Uttarakhand,  J&K  and  Bihar. These paintings have been found in North, South and East India.Hence statement 1 is not correct.
    • BHIMBETKA PAINTINGS: The caves of Bhimbetka were discovered in 1957–58 by eminent archaeologist V.S. Wakankar. The themes of paintings found here are of great variety, ranging from mundane events of daily life in those times to sacred and royal images. These include hunting, dancing, music, horse and elephant riders, animal fighting, honey collection, decoration of bodies, and other household scenes. Hence statement 2 is correct.
    • The paintings at Bhimbetka can be divided into various parts based on style, technique and superimposition:
    • Upper Palaeolithic Period: The paintings of the Upper Palaeolithic phase were linear representations, in green and dark red, of huge animal figures, such as bisons, elephants, tigers, rhinos and boars besides stick-like human figures.
    • Mesolithic Period: The largest number of paintings belong to this period. During this period the themes multiply but the paintings are smaller in size. Hunting scenes predominate.
    • Chalcolithic Period: The paintings of this period reveal the association, contact of the cave dwellers of this area with settled agricultural communities of the Malwa plains.
    • The artists of Bhimbetka used many colours, including various shades of white, yellow, orange, red ochre, purple, brown, green and black. The paints were made by grinding various rocks and minerals. They got red from haematite (known as geru in India). The green came from a green variety of  a stone called chalcedony. White might have been made out of limestone.Brushes were made of plant fibre.
    • LAKHUDIYAR PAINTINGS: found on banks of the River Suyal at Lakhudiyar, UTTARAKHAND. Hence statement 3 is not correct.
    • Lakhudiyar literally means one lakh caves. The paintings here can be divided into three categories: man, animal and geometric patterns in white, black and red ochre. Humans are represented in stick- like forms. A long-snouted animal, a fox and a multiple legged lizard are the main animal motifs. Wavy lines, rectangle-filled geometric designs, and groups of dots can also be seen here. One of the interesting scenes depicted here is of hand-linked dancing human figures. There is some superimposition of paintings. The earliest are in black; over these are red ochre paintings and the last group comprises white paintings.
    • KASHMIR: From Kashmir two slabs with engravings have been reported.
    • KARNATAKA AND ANDHRA PRADESH: The granite rocks of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh provided suitable canvases to the Neolithic man for his paintings. There are several such sites but more famous among them are Kupgallu, Piklihal and Tekkalkota. Three types of paintings have been reported from here—paintings in white, paintings in red ochre over a white background and paintings in red ochre.

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