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In the context of ozone depletion, consider the following statements:
1. The atmospheric levels of key Ozone Depleting Substances (ODSs) have been continuously increasing over the last decade.
2. India has completely phased-out production and consumption of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
Which of the statements given above is/are correct.
1 only
2 only
both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
? The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and its Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer are the international treaties specific for the protection of the Stratospheric Ozone (Ozone layer). The Montreal Protocol has been recognized as the most successful international environmental treaty in history. It has been universally ratified and all the 197 United Nations member countries of the world are the parties to the Vienna Convention and its Montreal Protocol. In the 29 years of operation of the Montreal Protocol, extraordinary international cooperation under this agreement has led to phase-out of production and consumption of several major Ozone Depleting Substances (ODSs) such as Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), Carbon tetrachloride (CTC) and halons globally from 1st January, 2010. The production and consumption of methyl chloroform has been phased out globally by 2015, with possible essential use exemptions. The production and consumption of methyl bromide was phased out globally in 2016, except use in quarantine and pre-shipment applications. Global systematic observations have confirmed that atmospheric levels of key ODSs are declining and it is estimated that with continued, full implementation of the Montreal Protocol?s provisions, the global ozone layer should return to pre1980 levels by around the middle of this century and the Antarctic ozone around 15 years later. The Montreal Protocol has also delivered substantial climate benefits. Hence, statement 1 is not correct.
? India has completely phased-out production and consumption of CFCs with 50 per cent phase-out by 2005, 85 per cent phase-out by 2007 and complete phase-out in 2008, 17 months ahead of the agreed phase-out schedule. Hence, statement 2 is correct
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