MOVEMENTS

FOUNDERS & LEADERS

AIM OF FORMATION

1.

Singh Sabha Movement

Founded at Amritsar in 1873 by the Sikh leaders.

To bring to the Sikh community the benefits of Western enlightenment through modern education and counter the activities of the Christian missionaries as well as Hindu revivalists.

2.

Namdhari or the Kuka Movement

Bhagat Jawahar Mal (Sain Sahib) in Punjab in 1840 Baba Rams Singh, greatest leader.

It preached worship of one God through prayer and mediation. The movement was poilitco-religious in nature and aimed at reserving Sikh sovereignity.

3.

Nirankari Movement

Baba Dayal Das (Punjab)

It preached against idol worship of human Gurus and believed in the formless God. It disapproved worship of tombs and graves

4.

Akali movement

Started in 1920 by Akali leaders.

To purify the management of Sikh Gurudwaras and liberate it from the control of corrupt Mahants.

5.

Rehnumai Mazdayasan Sabha

Naoroji Furdoonji, Dada Bhai naoroji and SS Bengalee        

Regeneration of social condition of Parsis especially women. Restore Zoroastrain religion to purity