India today is a country of about 1.37 billion people, which accounts for around 18% of the world's population. As per a United Nations report, by 2027, India will overtake China as the world’s most populous country. In his first Independence Day speech since assuming office for a second straight term, Prime Minister Narendra Modi drew the country's attention towards population explosion. Calling it a huge challenge for the present and the future generations, the Prime Minister urged the country to work towards family planning. He pitched for smaller families to ensure that dreams of children get fulfilled.The unabated population growth poses innumerable challenges. For example, we need grow more food, provide more housing, increase drinking water supply, add capacity to basic infrastructure such as roads, transport, electricity and sewage, and invest more in education and healthcare systems. Furthermore, we need ample number of jobs to employ the millions of people entering the workforce every year.