With reference to the Chola empire consider the following statements 1 Settlements of peasants were ...........

Ancient and Medival History Ancient South Indian History

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With reference to the Chola empire, consider the following statements:

1. Settlements of peasants were known as ur.

2. Nadu was a group of villages that often administered collection of taxes.

3. Muvendavelan was a title given to upper castes that worked for the welfare of backward castes.

Select the correct answer using the codes below.

1 & 2 only

2 & 3 only

3 only

All of the above

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Explanation:

Chola became prosperous with the spread of irrigation agriculture. Groups of such villages formed larger units called nadu. The village council and the nadu had several administrative functions including dispensing justice and collecting taxes.Rich peasants of the Vellala caste exercised considerable control over the affairs of the nadu under the supervision of the central Chola government. The Chola kings gave some rich landowners titles like muvendavelan (a velan or peasant serving three kings), araiyar (chief), etc. as markers of respect, and entrusted them with important offices of the state at the centre.

By: Shubham Tiwari

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Tisya Malik

Who wrote Kitab-ul hind and why?

Shubham Tiwari

Al Beruni was the author of Kitab-ul-Hind which is also known as Tarikh-ul-Hind written during the early 11th century. The book studies the “caste system” in India and has a comparative nature. It is written in Arabic. It is considered a voluminous text because it is an important source of knowledge concerning the history and society of South Asia and contains comments on Hindu religious beliefs, Indian sciences, customs and social organization. Note: Al Beruni was a polymath and an Iranian scholar from Khwarezm which is modern day Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.

Shubham Tiwari

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