Consider the following statements Shaiva Movement in the South India 1 Flourished through the activi...........

Modern Indian History Socio-religious reform Movements

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Consider the following statements. Shaiva Movement in the South India

1. Flourished through the activities of Alvars.

2. Was popularized through singing emotional songs in Tamil.

3. Opposed the views of the Virashaivas and Agamantas.

Select the correct answer using the codes below.

1 only

2&3 only

2 only

All the above

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Explanation:

Statement 1: The Shaiva movement in the South flourished at the beginning through the activities of many of the 63 saints known in Tamil as Nayanars (Siva-bhakts).
Statement 2: Their appealing emotional songs in Tamil were called Tevaram Stotras, also known as Dravida Veda and ceremonially sung in the local Shiva temples.
Statement 3: The Nayanars hailed from all castes. This was supplemented on the doctrinal side by a large number of Shaiva intellectuals whose names were associated with several forms of Shaiva movements like Agamanta, Shudha and Vira-shaivism.